Three Russian cosmonauts returned from space after spending a record time of 237 days in orbit.
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All nine planets (including Pluto) lined up with the sun.
Alan Shepard became the first American to travel to outer space.
Voyager 1 passed Pioneer 10 to become the most distant human-made object in space.
Carl Gustav Witt discovered the first near-Earth asteroid, 433 Eros.
The Soviet Union's Vega 1 Space Probe began sending back images of Halley's Comet.
