NASA launched the Mars Science Laboratory probe, which carried the Curiosity Rover to Mars.
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NASA lost radio contact with the Mars Polar Lander moments before the spacecraft entered the Martian atmosphere.
The Mars Polar Lander was launched.
The Indian Space Research Organization's Mars Orbiter Mission probe reached Mars' orbit after 298 days.
One of Mars' moons, 'Deimos,' was discovered by an American astronomer, Asaph Hall.
The mapping of Mars' surface began.
