The final gasps of the Crab Head nebula were observed as it went supernova.
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Asteroid 323 Brucia became the first asteroid discovered using photography.
The Space Shuttle Colombia launched from the Kennedy Space Center for a secret military mission.
Sputnik 1 became Earth's first artificial satellite to go into orbit.
The galaxy Centaurus A was discovered by Scottish astronomer James Dunlop.
Cosmonaut Alexey Leonov made the first spacewalk when he left his Voskhod 2 spacecraft.
