The Second Anglo-Dutch War began as England fought the Dutch republic for the control of seas and trade routes.
Maryland passed its first anti-amalgamation law.
King Charles II of England gave a land grant to James Duke of York, which meant that New Jersey became a British colony.
King Charles II chartered the Royal Society in London, England.
English scientist Robert Hooke was appointed Curator of Experiments at The Royal Society, London, England.
Portugal and the Dutch Republic signed the Treaty of The Hague.
The bank of Stockholm issued the first banknotes in Europe.
Isaac Newton was admitted as a student to Cambridge University’s Trinity College.
The first-ever licensed kosher butcher opened in New York City.
Nine regicides of King Charles I were sentenced to death.
The Declaration of Breda document was issued by the exiled King Charles II of England.
The first known British check was written for the amount of £400.
The 'Flushing Remonstrance' petition was signed in the Dutch colony of New Netherland, which protested the ban on Quaker worship.
The British Parliament offered Oliver Cromwell the British throne.
The world's oldest newspaper, Haarlem, published its first paper in the Netherlands.
English forces invaded and captured the Spanish colony of Jamaica.
Religious philosopher Blaise Pascal had an intense dreamlike experience he believed to be a religious vision.
Freed black man Richard Johnson was granted 100 acres of land in the state of Virginia.
King Louis XIV of France was coronated.
Oliver Cromwell dissolved England's Rump Parliament.
Jan van Riebeeck departed for Cape of Good Hope to found the first permanent European settlement.
The Fontana dei Quattro Fiumi, a fountain, was unveiled in Rome.
Henry Robinson opened the first dating agency in the world.
The Wars of Castro ended when Pope Innocent X and his forces destroyed the Italian city of Castro.
The Second Battle of Newbury was fought in the English Civil War.
The Chongzhen Emperor died by suicide during a peasant rebellion.
East India Company's Captain William Mynors becomes the first European to sail by Christmas Island.
Oliver Cromwell's forces from Cambridgeshire and forces from Nottingham met near Gainsborough, ready to battle the following day in the Battle of Gainsborough.
The US recorded its first tornado.
The first legal divorce of the American colonies was granted to Anne Clarke.
The first European explorer discovered New Zealand.
Abel Tasman became the first European to discover Tasmania and named it Van Diemen's Land.
The first major battle of the First English Civil War began near Edge Hill, Warwickshire.
The Long Parliament ordered all theaters to close in London, including The Globe Theatre, which was once partly owned by William Shakespeare.
King Charles I and the Queen fled from London to Oxford, Hampton Court.
King Charles I attacked the House of Commons.
The Richard Fairbanks Tavern and Post Office in Massachusetts became the first American colonial post office.
The first printing press was set up in New England, US.
American colonies recorded their first astronomical event after observing a lunar eclipse.
The Great Colonial Hurricane hit the Massachusetts Bay Colony and the Jamestown Settlement in New England, USA.
The Catholic Church forces Galileo Galilei to renounce his heliocentric world view.
Cardinal Bellarmine condemned Galileo for stating that the earth revolved around the sun.
Galileo Galilei arrived in Rome for his trial before the Roman Inquisition.
The Holy Roman Empire appointed a new supreme military commander, Albrecht von Wallenstein.
Using Johannes Kepler's predictions, French scientist Pierre Gassendi became the first person to witness Mercury's transit between the Earth and the Sun.
Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan I decided to begin construction of the Taj Mahal.
Roger Williams, the founder of Rhode Island, arrived from England in the Massachusetts Bay Colony to become a minister in a Boston church.
The village of Shawmut in Massachusetts adopted the name Boston.
Boston, Massachusetts, was founded by Governor Winthrop.
Charles I dissolved the Parliament of England, which was the start of the eleven-year period known as the Personal Rule.
